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Microsoft Access Tutorial: MS Access with Example [Easy Notes]
If you are afraid you misspelled a word more than once, click on the Change All button. If both the word and suggestions are incorrect, you can type the correct spelling in yourself since your cursor is already blinking in the top section beside the selected word. Afterwards, press E or select Change. Use this button to add the word to the AutoCorrect list. In the future, when you misspell this word while typing, Word will automatically correct it - without you having to access the spell checker.
Reverses the latest actions made during the current spell checking session. Check this box to include grammar checking. This box provides a variety of options to customize how the spell checker works.
You can specify whether to suggest and where to get the suggestions and what you want to ignore during the spell checker such as uppercase words or words containing numbers. Click on to add or modify custom dictionaries, such as medical and legal to be used during spell checking. In addition, you can specify grammar options, such as how often to check, and what writing style to use. Once all options are selected, choose.
You will be returned to the original spell checking box where you can continue. After running the spell checker, save your document again. In addition, you can specify which printer to use and how many copies to print.
Click on the Office button. Select Print from the Office menu. The following dialog box will be displayed: The current printer is displayed at the top of the box. Click on the down arrow beside the selected printer to choose another one. You can save the print settings to a file so that you can print at a later time and specify whether multiple copies should be collated. You can also choose to enable the manual duplex option, which allows you to print double-sided by having Word prompt you to turn the paper over once the first side has been printed.
This button allows you to even further specify how the document will be printed. Once all printer options have been set, choose to have Word begin printing the document. Click on the close button in the upper right corner of the window to close the current document.
If you only have one document open and you click on this icon, Word will close the entire program. Select Close from the Office menu. NOTE: If you have made changes to the file and have not saved those changes, Word will ask whether you want to save the changes before closing the file.
If, however, you are in the midst of working with one file and then decide to create another document, you will need to instruct Word as to what type of new document you want to create. You can create a blank document or base the new file on one of the built-in templates that come with Word.
A template is used to determine the basic structure of the document and can contain predefined settings, such as fonts, page layouts, graphics, formatting, and macros.
Select New from the Office menu. The far left section contains a list of available template categories that you can base your new document on. The middle section lists the templates available within the category you selected from the left side of the window.
The far right section displays a preview of the currently selected template. To preview a template before actually selecting it, click on its name within the middle section of the window and then look to the right side of the window for a preview.
Once you decide which template you would like to use, highlight its name and then choose. The new document will be created - based on the template you have selected. Simply click on the document you want to switch to and that file will become the active window. Doe, I am writing on behalf of my company to thank you for the work your accounting firm did for us last month during our audit.
Because of your experience in the matter along with detailed record-keeping on our part, we passed with flying colors. What could have been a stressful situation turned out to be quite simple.
Your firm is largely responsible for that outcome. Thank you again for your assistance. I hope that our companies can continue to do business in the future. Select Open from the Office menu. The following dialog box will be displayed: Along the left side of the dialog box, Word displays the Navigation Pane.
You could then select the folder containing your Word documents. Across the top of the window are the following buttons: Click on this button to access the Organize pull-down menu. From the resulting pull-down list, select the operation e. To change the display of the files, click on the down arrow beside this button. Click on this button to create a new folder. If you click on the down arrow beside the button, you can choose from a list of options such as opening the file as read- only or in your Web browser.
TIP: To open more than one file at a time, select the first file by clicking on its name once to highlight it. Next, hold the C key down as you click on each additional file to be opened. Once all files have been selected, click on to actually open them. Each file will be placed in its own window. Z Moves one line up. Y Moves one line down. Q Moves one character to the left. R Moves one character to the right. O Displays the previous screenful. N Displays the next screenful. To scroll through the document using the mouse, click on one of the arrows located on either the horizontal or vertical scroll bar.
If you drag the scroll box on the vertical scroll bar up or down, Word will display the current page number to the left of the box. When you see the desired page, release the mouse button and that page will be displayed. If you are using a mouse with a scroll wheel, roll the rubber wheel located between the [LEFT] and [RIGHT] mouse buttons forward or back to quickly scroll through large documents.
NOTE: If you are using the mouse to move through a document, remember that you must click on the new page before the cursor will move to the new location! The top one moves to the previous page while the bottom icon moves to the next page.
Click on this button located between the previous and next page icons to change the method by which the previous and next buttons will navigate through your document. For example, you can set them to move from one graphic picture to another rather than from page to page.
Once you click on the Select Browse Object button, a pop- up box appears: Each icon within this box represents a type of object available within a Word document. The object you select will be used to browse through the document. For example, if you select the table object, the previous and next buttons will go to the previous or next table within your document.
The previous and next buttons change color to blue if you select anything other than page the last icon on the first line of the box as the object. You can see the description of each icon as your mouse hovers over an icon. If you click on the left side of the status line where the current page number and section are displayed located at the bottom of your screen , Word will ask what page to "Go To".
Works like a correctable backspace on a typewriter. Line Move the Insertion Bar to the left of a line until it changes to an arrow. Click once. Sentence Hold the F key down and click the mouse button anywhere on the sentence.
Paragraph Move the Insertion Bar to the left of a line until it changes to a pointer arrow. Triple-Clicking on a paragraph also selects it. Any Text Move the Insertion Bar to the beginning of the block you want to delete. Click and drag. Entire File Move the Insertion Bar to the left of a line until it changes to a pointer arrow.
Hold C down and click once. Triple-Clicking on the left side of the screen also selects the entire file. You can also use this button located within the Editing section of the Home Ribbon to select items. The pull-down list includes options for selecting everything within the document, graphic objects, or text with similar formatting.
Undo instructs the program to disregard the last action whether it was deleting, copying, or applying format changes. It is important to understand, however, that certain actions such as printing and saving cannot be undone.
Word has the capability of remembering not only the last action performed but the last several. Click on the Undo tool to undo the last action. If you click on the down arrow to the right of the tool , you can scroll through the last several actions. Move your mouse down the list to highlight the number of actions to undo.
They must be done in sequence! Click on this button to redo the last undo. The Redo button shown above changes from Redo to Repeat depending on what action was last performed.
This is called formatting. Formatting the text means setting the font and size of the letters, and emphasizing words using such attributes as bold, underline or italics. To format characters you can either use the keyboard or the Home Ribbon. Before typing, turn on the attribute and then begin entering text. When you want to turn the attribute off you press the same key. Click on this tool to turn bold on and off.
Click on this button to turn italics on and off. Click on this tool to turn underline on or off. Click on the down arrow beside the tool to change the style and color. When you select a block of text, Word displays a semitransparent toolbar called the Mini toolbar.
The Mini toolbar helps you work with fonts, font styles, font sizing, alignment, text color, indent levels, and bullet features. When you see the transparent toolbar appear, simply point to the attribute you want to set and select it with your mouse.
To change fonts, you select the new font by its name. Notice how Word displays a sample of each font within the pull-down list so that you can see the font before actually selecting it. Begin typing your text. NOTE: Notice that Word displays the current theme fonts along with the last few selected fonts at the top of the list for easy access. NOTE: To change existing text, be sure to select the text first and then choose the desired font.
If text is selected, as you scroll through the list of available fonts, Word will display the selected text with the currently highlighted font — as a preview. NOTE: As was the case with attributes, to change existing text, be sure to select the text first and then choose the desired font size.
You can also use the following tools both of which are located within the Font section on the Home Ribbon to quickly increase or decrease the font size.
Click on this tool to increase the current font size. Click on this tool to decrease the current font size. Select the new margin setting from the list provided. If you need a margin setting that is not included in this pull-down list, click on Customize Margins…. Select the page orientation from the two diagrams provided. Select the paper size you would like to use. Word is capable of aligning paragraphs, as shown below: Word is automatically set for left alignment. To change the alignment, place your cursor anywhere on the paragraph and select one of the following tools located on the Home Ribbon : Left Aligned Centered Right Aligned Full Justification TIP: Typically the last line of a paragraph is shorter than the rest of the paragraph and may not be justified.
However, if the line is very short, there may be large gaps between words. If you have a shortcut on your desktop, double-click on the Microsoft Office Excel icon to run the application. Although the quickest way of running any MS Office application is obviously through the desktop, you can also access the Start menu which allows you to locate any program available on your system.
You will notice that the program window includes many of the standard elements common to other Office applications as well as a few items that are unique to Excel. The screen can be quite intimidating the first time you see it as there are so many items displayed.
Along the top left corner of the screen is the Office Button which provides quick access for creating, opening, saving, printing, preparing, sending, publishing, and closing files. This button provides the only true menu within Excel The name of current workbook followed by the application name is displayed in the middle of this line. A generic name is given to each new workbook you create Book1. The second line contains a new feature within Excel Each time you press A, Excel displays corresponding letters for the Ribbon items to help you to continue using keyboard shortcuts to select them.
Along the right side of the screen is the scroll bar used to quickly move vertically within your workbook. There is also a horizontal scroll bar that you can use to move left and right through your workbook.
As mentioned, columns are lettered and rows are numbered. The first 26 columns are lettered A through Z. Excel then begins lettering the 27th column with AA and so on. In a single Excel worksheet there are 16, columns lettered A-XFD and 1,, rows numbered The highlighted borders around the document window indicate the columns and rows and are used to identify where on the worksheet you are located since you obviously cannot see an entire worksheet of this size on the screen at one time.
The worksheet itself is located to the right and beneath the borders. This is where you will actually be working and entering information. The outlined cell the one with the dark borders within the worksheet is referred to as the active cell.
Each cell may contain text, numbers or dates. You can enter up to 32, characters in each cell. Towards the bottom of the worksheet is a small Tab that identifies each sheet within the workbook file.
If there are multiple sheets, you can use the tabs to easily identify what data is stored on each sheet. For example, the top sheet could be "Expenses" and the second sheet could be called "Income".
When you begin a new workbook, the tabs default to being labeled Sheet1, Sheet2, etc. Along the bottom of the screen is another bar called the Status Bar.
This bar is used to display various information about the system and current workbook. The left corner of this line lists the Mode Indicator which tells you what mode you are currently working in. Just below and to the left of the vertical scroll bar is the Zoom section. Excel displays the current percentage just to the left of this area.
To make working with multiple workbooks less confusing, Excel has included a feature which automatically displays all opened workbooks along the taskbar. Rather than having to access the Ribbon labeled View to switch between opened files windows , you can simply use your mouse to click on the name of the file you want to access directly on the taskbar.
Once selected, that file becomes the active window. R Moves pointer right one column. Z Moves pointer up one row. Y Moves pointer down one row. O Moves one full screen up. N Moves one full screen down. You must know the cell address. Click in this box and type in the cell address to go to. You must press E when done. You can also use the vertical down the right and the horizontal along the bottom scroll bars to move.
Drag the box in the scroll bar to move more quickly. The pointer does not move until you click in the cell to move to. Remember to look at the formula bar for the current cell address. If you are using a mouse with a scroll wheel, roll the rubber wheel located between the [LEFT] and [RIGHT] mouse buttons forward or back to quickly scroll through large worksheets. Excel lights up column and row headings as you move from cell to cell. This helps to distinguish the current cell address.
This tool displays Page Layout view. This tool displays Page Break Preview. In addition to the three views discussed above, you can create your own custom views discussed in the advanced manual. A small dialog box will open allowing you to choose from a list of saved views. You can clear the Office menu, tabs and current Ribbon from your screen so that you can see more of your worksheet. To redisplay the screen items, press X.
Click in the cell you want to store the data in and then simply begin typing the word s , number or formula. If you make a mistake and want to start over, press X.
Notice as you type, the entry is displayed both in the cell and in the formula bar. A thin, blinking cursor appears to the right of the entry and moves as you type.
You cannot use the arrow keys at this time to make corrections! Pressing an arrow key at this point will enter what you have typed in the cell and then automatically move the pointer in the direction of the arrow key you pressed.
Two symbols also pop up to the left of the formula bar. The X is used like the X key to cancel. When entering text, words are automatically left aligned within the cell while numbers are placed to the right. While entering columns of numbers, the column heading may not align correctly with the values.
If text is wider than the cell it is stored in, it will appear to "spill" into the adjacent cell s , providing they are empty. R Moves the cursor to the right one character. Q Moves the cursor to the left one character. In those instances it would make sense to delete the contents of the selected cell s.
A single cell may contain one or more of the following: Formats Includes fonts, bold, borders surrounding the cell s , as well as, number formats e.
Contents The data stored within the cell numbers or text. Comments Can be attached to a cell to explain the reasoning behind its entry e. These comments are usually not printed. Choose what you want to clear from the pull-down list provided. Click on this tool located towards the top left corner of your screen to undo the last action. Click on this tool located towards the top left corner of your screen to redo the last undo.
While you may not require the entire worksheet, you may need to work on a Block of cells. A block includes any group of cells in a rectangular format, as shown in the illustration below. Every block of cells has a beginning and ending address. The beginning address is the address of the cell in the top-left corner of the block whereas the ending address is the cell in the lower-right.
Normally, in the English language we use a dash to indicate a block of numbers, as in pages Excel, however, requires that you use the colon between the beginning and ending addresses. Remember that the dash represents subtraction in spreadsheet programs. For example, the block C3:E14 refers to cells C3 through E There are many commands e.
The mouse changes to the thick cross when placed in the middle of a cell. Dragging the pointer when it is this shape simply highlights cells. If the mouse is in the shape of a diagonal arrow, you can move the contents of the currently selected cell or block of cells to another location within the worksheet.
The mouse changes to a pointer only when the tip of the arrow points to one of the outer borders of the cell block. Dragging the pointer when it is in this shape actually picks up the contents of the cell s and moves them to another location.
If the mouse is in the shape of a thin cross-hair, you can fill a formula or other information into adjacent cells within the worksheet. The mouse pointer changes to a thin cross-hair only when the tip of the arrow is placed in the small square located in the bottom right-corner of a cell. Dragging the pointer when it is in this shape fills data.
The pointer's shape should be a thick cross-hair. Click and drag to highlight. To select an entire column or row, click on the letter of the column or the number of the row. Hold the S key down and press the arrows to select a block.
The entire worksheet will be highlighted. Text will appear to "spill" over into adjacent cells as long as those cells are empty. If the adjacent cells are not empty, Excel will truncate the text. When entering large numbers, however, Excel will display the number in scientific notation if the column is not wide enough to display the entire number.
However, if you apply formatting such as dollar signs , Excel will automatically adjust the column to fit the largest entry so that the number remains visible. Make sure the mouse pointer is on the column margin line. The pointer changes to a cross-hair indicating you are on the margin line. In the example above, column F is being stretched to the right. Notice the "cross-hair". When creating formulas, you may use actual values, cell addresses or a combination of the two.
This also ensures that formulas beginning with a cell address are not mistaken for text. The formula itself is displayed in the formula bar located in the upper-left of the screen next to the cell address. NOTE: In order to view a formula, you must select the cell in which it is stored. TIP: If you select a group of cells and look at the status bar at bottom of the screen , Excel will display the total sum of the selected cells.
However, Excel provides a mathematical function which is used primarily to add blocks of numbers. The last function you chose will be displayed on the button. If you simply click on the button that function will be selected. To choose a different function, click on the down arrow to the right of the button and then select a new function from the list. Once the function has been selected Excel will display the Function Arguments box, as shown below: The box will display a description of the currently selected function and list the arguments required for the function.
The next required argument will be displayed in bold. This helps guide you through each step properly. Notice as you begin entering the arguments, the palette displays the current result. When you are done, click on to actually enter the function and close the box. This is called the AutoSum feature. The second click is used to confirm the selection. If, by chance, Excel has selected the wrong group of cells, you can highlight the correct block before clicking on the tool a second time.
The pointer should change to a thin cross-hair. When the mouse is released, the formula will be "filled" in all cells. Filling also works for text and numbers without formulas, such as months shown in the example above. Excel's auto fill feature will fill a block of cells with either numbers or text depending on what is located in the first cell.
As you begin filling the destination cells with months, Excel will display the name of each month as it is being filled so that you know how far to fill. If you only enter a single number and then try to create a fill based on that single cell, Excel will simply copy the number down the worksheet.
Once the two cells have been selected, release the mouse button. After selecting the cells to fill, click on this tool located within the Editing section on the Home Ribbon. A pull-down list of fill options will be displayed: Select the direction of the fill or define the series to use when filling. When you click on this icon, a list of auto fill options is displayed. The default option is Copy Cells which instructs Excel to copy the data and formatting from the original cell to the destination cells.
The Fill Formatting Only option is used to copy the format from the original cell to the destination cells. This does not copy the data from the original cell. Select Fill Without Formatting to copy the data from the original cell to the destination cells without changing the existing format. NOTE: These auto fill options will vary depending on what you have just filled e. Click on the Save tool located on the Quick Access Bar.
The first time you save a document, Excel provides a dialog box prompting you to enter a file name, as shown below: Letters, numbers and spaces are allowed.
In this latest version using Windows Vista, the address bar is displayed a bit differently, as shown below: The path is displayed horizontally on the bar instead of vertically as was the case in previous versions. If you want to save the workbook in another format such as another spreadsheet application or any previous version of Excel so that someone else can edit the file who does not have this version , click on the down arrow beside the box labeled Save as type and select the format from the list provided.
Enter a name for the workbook in the box labeled File name and then click on to actually save the file. Select the paper size you would like to use when printing your worksheet. Choose to either set the print area or clear it. Choose whether you want to insert a page break, remove one, or rest all page breaks within the worksheet.
Scaling This section allows you to enlarge or reduce the printout. Not all printers will be able to use this feature. Use the Adjust to: option to reduce or enlarge the output from 10 to percent of the original size.
Use the Fit to: option to specify exactly how many pages wide or tall you want the final printout to be. Paper size Provides various paper sizes to choose from. Available sizes will vary from printer to printer. Print quality Allows you to specify the resolution dots per inch for printing. The higher the number, the better the quality - but it also takes longer.
First page number Leave this option at Auto to start page numbering at the next sequential number or enter a number with which the first page should begin. In the section called Header is a pull-down list of predefined headers.
Simply click on the down arrow and choose from the list of available headers. In the section called Footer is a pull-down list of predefined footers. Simply click on the down arrow and choose from the list of available footers.
Use the following buttons to add special options: Allows you to customize the font. Inserts the current Page Number. Adds the Total number of pages in the printout. If you have a picture, use this to Format the Picture. If you selected a block before you entered this box, the block will already be displayed. If not, you may enter the range as A1:B15 to specify that the block from A1 to B15 should be printed. You can enter more than one range if you separate the ranges with a comma - as in A1:B15,DF Print titles This section allows you to specify rows to be printed along the top or the columns to be printed along the left of each page.
To specify a range, click in the row or column section and then type the block. Click on this button to the right of these two sections to return to the worksheet to select the block.
When done, reactivate the Page Setup dialog box. Black and white is used to print in black and white for faster printing. Checking the Draft quality option speeds up the printout by printing less graphics and suppresses the gridlines. Check the Row and column headings box to print the row numbers and column letters around the border of the printout.
Depending on your preference, you can choose to print Comments on a separate page at the end of your document or as they are displayed in the worksheet. Page order Use this section to specify the order pages are to be printed. You can choose to print Down, then Across or Across, then Down. You should notice the button to the right side of each of the tabbed boxes.
You should also notice the button within each of the tabbed dialog boxes. If you want to see how the worksheet will print based on the current settings, click on this button. Once you have made your selections from the various tabs, click on the button.
If you do not specify otherwise, Excel assumes you want to print the entire worksheet. It is possible, though, to specify a print range. This button allows you to further specify how the document will be printed. You will be taken to a dialog box where you can define Once all printer options have been set, choose to have Excel begin printing the document.
Create a second formula in cell G2 which calculates the percentage of the objective and then add totals at the bottom of the table for each of the three months. If, however, you are in the midst of working with one file and then decide to create another workbook, you will need to instruct Excel as to what type of new document you want to create.
A template is used to determine the basic structure of the workbook and can contain predefined settings, such as formulas, formatting, and macros.
The far left section contains a list of available template categories that you can base your new workbook on. The new workbook will be created - based on the template you have selected.
Choosing to open a file will place the requested workbook in another window so that more than one file can be open at the same time. You can then switch between the opened workbooks using the taskbar across the bottom of your screen or by accessing the View Ribbon. The following dialog box will be displayed: Along the left side of the dialog box, Excel displays the Navigation Pane. You could then select the folder containing your Excel files. If you click on the down arrow beside the button, you can choose from a list of options such as opening the file as read- only or as a copy.
For example, if you have a title in cell A1 that you would like centered across several adjacent columns they must be blank , you can have Excel automatically merge the cells and then center the data in that new cell.
Once selected, release the mouse button. If you select this tool a second time, Excel will remove the centering and place the data in the original cell. This can be useful when trying to label narrow columns. Begin by selecting the cell s to be modified.
Click on the Orientation tool which is located within the Alignment section on the Home Ribbon. A list of orientation choices is displayed. Select the one you want to use. If you select the same choice a second time, the cell s will revert back to the normal orientation. This can make numbers difficult to read at times and inconsistent. Excel does, however, allow you to access other built-in formats such as percentage signs, dollar signs, etc.
Select the cells to format and then choose one of the following tools located within the Number section on the Home Ribbon : Formats the current selection for currency with a dollar sign, a comma as a thousand separator and 2 decimal places. Example: 4, Each time this button is selected another decimal place is added to the selection. Decreases the number of decimal places displayed.
Each time this button is selected another decimal place is removed from the selection. Click on the down arrow beside this tool located within the Number section of the Home Ribbon to choose from a list of formats. These formats include fonts, borders, patterns, alignment, and shading. Notice you can create a new cell style yourself or merge styles contained within another workbook.
If you have a shortcut on your desktop, double-click on the Microsoft Office PowerPoint icon. Although the quickest way of running PowerPoint is through the desktop shown above , you can also open the Start menu which is located along the left side of the taskbar at the bottom of the desktop to locate any program available on your system. You will notice that the program window includes many of the standard elements common to most Office applications as well as a few items that are unique to PowerPoint.
Along the top left corner of the screen is the Office Menu Button which provides quick access for creating, opening, converting, saving, printing, preparing, sending, publishing, and closing files.
Recently accessed presentations are also listed within this menu. This button provides the only true menu within PowerPoint or the other Office applications. The name of current presentation is displayed in the middle of the Title Bar. The second line contains a new feature within PowerPoint and is called the Ribbon Bar. Each tab on the ribbon relates to a type of activity, such as inserting an object or designing a slide. There is no way to delete or replace the ribbon with the toolbars and menus from previous versions of Microsoft Office.
However, you can minimize the ribbon to make more space available on the screen. If you prefer using the mouse, point to an empty space to the right of the last tab across the top of your screen and click the [RIGHT] mouse button. From the pop-up menu, choose Minimize the Ribbon. Each time you press A, PowerPoint displays corresponding letters for the ribbon items to help you to continue using keyboard shortcuts to select them.
Below the ribbon are three window panes. Select Outline to include the actual text of each slide within this pane. Select Slide to view thumbnails of each slide within this pane. The large middle pane contains the currently selected slide and is your actual working area.
Directly beneath the working area is yet another pane which can be used to add notes to the current slide. You can follow the question or vote as helpful, but you cannot reply to this thread. I have the same question Report abuse.
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